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Challenges in Data Center Network Management and Operation
1. Problems Encountered in Data Center Network Management and Operation
In traditional data centers, because computing and storage resources are relatively fixed, the network and traffic are also relatively fixed. Network configuration is mainly done manually by network administrators. Due to the large number of network equipment manufacturers and models and the very complex configuration of various parameters, this requires high management personnel skills and a huge workload, and it is prone to errors. When the network needs to be adjusted, the manual configuration changes of the network strategy are also very difficult, and when network failures occur, fault location and recovery are also very difficult. These problems cannot adapt to the increasingly high elasticity and rapid and flexible deployment requirements of data centers.
With the development of data centers and the application of new technologies in data centers, the scale of data centers is constantly growing, and the networking is becoming increasingly complex. The corresponding requirements for rapid response and automatic configuration are constantly increasing. Traditional manual configuration network management cannot meet the current requirements of data center network management. In particular, with the introduction of VXLAN technology, the data center network is divided into an Overlay network that carries business traffic and an Underlay network that supports business traffic. The networking of the Underlay network is relatively fixed, while the Overlay network requires flexible configuration according to needs, which brings a series of challenges to the network management and operation of the data center:
The Underlay network has a wide variety of devices, including export routers, switches of various levels, firewalls, load balancers, etc., from different manufacturers and models. These physical devices support multi-tenant logical isolation through virtualization technology. Network management needs to present the status of physical and logical device resources and their mapping relationship with tenants.
With the introduction of network virtualization technology, the Underlay network uses technologies such as equivalent routing to achieve high-bandwidth and high-reliability networking. Therefore, there are multiple equivalent paths between workloads. When a certain application fails, it is impossible to accurately and quickly locate the business forwarding path.
Resource Location: After the data center adopts virtualization technology, virtual machines/physical machines are frequently created, migrated, and released, making it very difficult to obtain the location of the physical devices carrying the business, and the relationship between the workload and the physical and logical networks is severed.
The basic network uses manual configuration or batch configuration of network management, and the business configuration uses automatic distribution by the controller. When a failure occurs, it is impossible to quickly locate whether it is a manual configuration problem or an automatic configuration problem.
First, it is difficult to locate network equipment problems and server problems; second, when problems occur between the cloud platform, controller, and network equipment, the location efficiency is low, and the network needs to prove its innocence.
2. Development Trends of Data Center Network Management and Operation
With the continuous growth of the scale of data center networks, the increasing complexity of networks, and the continuous introduction of various new technologies, the difficulty of data center network management and operation is increasing. In order to cope with the characteristics of rapid changes in business needs, massive management objects, and complex IT infrastructure, the evolution trend of data center network management and operation has become increasingly clear, that is, it gradually evolves in the direction of standardization -> automation -> intelligence:
Standardize the architecture, equipment, software, configuration, and management to reduce the number of operation and maintenance objects and reduce the complexity of automation.
Tooling the standardized construction and maintenance work scenarios to improve operation and maintenance efficiency and reduce operation and maintenance costs.
Introduce machine learning, expert systems, big data mining, and other technical means for fault prediction and diagnosis to achieve intelligent operation and maintenance.
Source: "Data Center Network System Technology White Paper"
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